All the Chinese faithful, who have had a chance to meet John Paul II, kiss his hand and or talk with him, could confirm that he always to assure us he prayed for China everyday.

When Bishop Tong and I were received by His Holiness shortly after our episcopal ordination, the Holy Father kept repeating, almost like a little child pleading with his mother, "I want to go to China, I want to go to China!" In mourning the Holy Father, I said his one regret must have been that he never had the chance to visit China, or even Hong Kong. This was his deepest longing and greatest dream.

Recently, at a press conference, I explained in detail how the then chief secretary, Anson Chan, did her best to help obtain the permission for the Pope to come to Hong Kong for the conclusion of the Asia Bishops' Synod. The answer from Beijing was that since there were no diplomatic relation between the Vatican and China, it was inappropriate for the Pope to come.

When asked if, with John Paul II's going and a new Pope coming, there would be a new setting to the establishing of Sino-Vatican diplomatic relations, my answer was that "objectively" there should not be any difference. The Vatican's policy to work for a speedy establishment of Sino-Vatican diplomatic relations is well established and will not alter with the change of the person of the Pope. Unfortunately, there seems to be little interest on the part of Beijing authorities in recent years.

The desire for dialogue, which may lead to the establishment of diplomatic relations, is so strong that it prompted Vatican secretary of state, Cardinal Sodano, to make the following statement on 11 February 1999. "Our nunciature in Taipei is the nunciature in China and if Beijing agrees, we can move it to Beijing. I don't say tomorrow, or even tonight".

The statement offended the sensitivities of the Taiwanese people, as I dared to point out publicly at the time. It may also have misled the Beijing into believing that the Vatican was ready for a complete surrender. Actually, what it did raise a wave of expectation. However, with the realization that the Vatican was not ready to surrender stalemate continued.

During the Holy Father's recent illness and then upon his dead, kind words came from Beijing, which raised some new optimism about the re-establishment of Sino-Vatican diplomatic relations. Along with the good wishes and later condolence, the two conditions for eventual rapprochement were reiterated: firstly to sever ties with Taiwan and secondly to stop interfering in Chinese affairs, even in religious matters. Before any dialogue or eventual consensus, we could not expect any Chinese spokesperson to say anything else. But people must know that the problem is not about Taiwan, it is about interference.

Severing ties with Taiwan would be problematic, because, never in history has the Holy See taken the unilateral action to sever diplomatic relations with any state. It should be remembered that it was the authorities in Beijing who expelled the nuncio from China and at a time when Taiwan was recognised as being the legitimate government of China by the United Nations. Nevertheless, Cardinal Sodano's words made it clear that the Holy See is ready to take that step. This is public information. I am amazed that the media is treating it as if I had revealed any secret.

The Holy See's rationale making such a decision, albeit reluctantly, has also been accepted by the bishops in Taiwan. The Holy See is facing a dilemma; either keep the status quo and abandon the faithful in the mainland to their fate, or try to help them to achieve a state of normal religious practice and come to terms with the Beijing government. Even within the Taiwanese government there are people who sympathise with the Holy See, and the Holy See is confident that, in any situation that may develop, the Church in Taiwan would continue to enjoy religious freedom.

When we, the three vicars-general of the Hong Kong diocese, officially visited the United Front Branch of The Communist Party in Beijing in 1997, the then vice-director of the branch talking about the first condition, but as soon as I said that this point doesn't make problem he switched immediately the conversation to the second condition. Of course, if Beijing demands that the Holy See sever its ties with Taiwan before they will even start talking, in other words, before they will even give any assurance of a possible normalisation in the religious situation, that would be unfair.

Calling the appointment of bishops by the Pope an "interference internal affairs of China" is obviously a misunderstanding. The appointment of bishop is the pastoral duty of the Holy Father. It is, by nature, a purely religious matter. All big nations accept this. Nobody regards this as a breach of either national dignity or sovereignty. I would like to ask if multinational companies would accept having the managers of a branch office in China appointed by the Chinese government? Some governments, which in the past wanted to have a say in the appointment of bishops, have now confidently renounced such a privilege. However, I understand that in fact, before full mutual trust can be built, the Holy See may accept some participation of the Beijing government. And as Beijing knows that, there should be no problem. It is not insoluble. There is a Vietnamese way of doing these things and a Cuban way, surely some way can be found and agreed upon.

On the evening of the April 3, the vice-chairperson of the Chinese Patriotic Association, Liu Bainian, said something on television with which I strongly disagree. He said that obviously Bishop Zen was ignorant of how the Chinese side is working for the establishment of the Sino-Vatican relations. I would really like to have an opportunity to check the facts with Liu. He then said that Bishop Zen would do better to persuade the conservative forces in the Vatican not to create obstacles to the negotiations. Is Liu really so ignorant of the situation in the Vatican? Talking of conservative forces in this context is tantamount to living in an era long gone. But more seriously, insinuating that John Paul II yielded to the conservative forces, or became a conservative force himself, would be a grievous unfairness and expression of disrespect for the great, wise leader of the Church.

I am afraid it is the so-called faithful in the Patriotic Association, like Liu, who are actually the conservative forces that, until now, have failed to help the central government understand the pastoral nature of the office of the Pope. For obvious reasons, if real normalisation of the religious situation became a reality, they, and especially Liu, would no longer be able to go over the heads of the bishops and sustain control of the Church in their own hands.

Liu and myself are not young anymore and not far from the day we have to give an account of our life to God. Let us put aside any short-sighted interest and do something really beneficial for the Church and to our country.

+ Joseph Zen Ze-kiun